Fostering Interculturality in Urban Ethnic Neighbourhoods: Opportunities and Limits of the Responsible Tourism Approach

  • Melissa Moralli University of Bologna

Abstract

In the last decades, new forms of interculturality are emerging as a consequence of economic and cultural globalisation. Within these experiences, tourism in ethnic neighbourhoods can represent an innovative way to create new spaces for intercultural encounter in western cities. The aim of this paper is to analyse this new social phenomenon thanks to the results emerging from an exploratory ethnographic research focused on Mygrantour, an intercultural network which aims to create new forms of intercultural encounter between migrant communities and tourists in some Mediterranean cities. Adopting a responsible tourism approach, this paper will analyse the social and cultural consequences of this growing phenomenon in terms of social integration and inter-cultural encounter.

Author Biography

Melissa Moralli, University of Bologna
Department of Sociology and Business Law

References

Aitken, C., & Hall, C.M. (2010). Migrant and foreign skills and their relevance to the tourism industry. Tourism Geographies: An International Journal of Tourism Space, Place and Environment, 2 (1), 66-86.

Ambrosini, M. (2013). Immigrazione e territorio. In S. Vicari Haddock (Ed.), Questioni urbane (pp. 201-226). Bologna: Il Mulino.

Appadurai, A. (1996). Modernity at large Cultural Dimensions of Globalization. Minneapolis: Minnesota University Press.

Atkinson, R., & Bridge, G. (2005). Gentrification in a Global Context: The New Urban Colonialism. London: Routledge.

Avallone, G. (2007). Città caratterizzate dall’emergenza: note iniziali per uno studio delle realtà urbane del Mediterraneo. In A. Angelini (Ed.), Mediterraneo: città , culture, ambiente, governance, migranti (pp.144-158). Milano: Franco Angeli.

Aytar, V., & Rath J. (Eds.). (2012). Selling Ethnic Neighborhoods: The Rise of Neighborhoods as Places of Leisure and Consumption. London: Routledge.

Ballerini, A. (2011). Analisi delle politiche dell’immigrazione e del sistema giuridico italiano. In B. Baggiani, L. Longoni & G. Solano (Eds.), Noi e l’altro? Materiali per l’analisi e la comprensione dei fenomeni migratori contemporanei (pp. 85-96). Bagnacavallo, Ravenna: Discanti Editore.

Ceriani, G., Duhamel, P., Knafou, R., & Stock, M. (2009). Il turismo e l’incontro con l’altro. In R. Borghi & F. Celata (Eds.), Turismo critico: immaginari geografici, performance e paradossi sulle rotte del turismo alternativo (pp. 31-44). Milano: Unicopli.

Coles, T., & Church, A. (2007). Tourism, Politics and the Forgotten Entanglements of Power. In A. Church & T. Coles (Eds.), Tourism, Power and Space (pp. 1-42). London: Routledge.

Collins, J. (2007). Ethnic Precincts as Contradictory Tourist Spaces. In J. Rath (Ed.), Tourism, Ethnic Diversity and the City (pp. 52-67). London: Routledge.

Conforti, J. (1996). Ghetto as tourism attraction. Annals of Tourism Research, 23 (4), 830- 842.

Crossley, N. (2010). The Social World of the Network. Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Elements in Social Network Analysis. Sociologica, n.1/2010, 1-33.

Dell’Agnese, E. (2013). Tra turismo responsabile, cooperazione turistica e pro-poor tourism. Un approccio critico. In A. Turco (Ed.), Cooperazione turistica internazionale: narrazioni, politiche, territori. Milano: Unicopli.

Dervin, F., & Machart, R. (Eds.) (2015). Cultural Essentialism in Intercultural Relations. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

Diekmann, A., & Smith, M. (Eds.) (2015). Ethnic and minority cultures as tourist attractions. Bristol: Channel View Publications.

Fainstein, S. S., & Gladstone, D. (1999). Evaluating Urban Tourism. In D. R. Judd & S. S. Fainstein (Eds.), The Tourist City (pp. 21-34). New Haven: Yale University Press.

Freire-Medeiros, B. (2009). The favela and its touristic traffic. Geoforum, 40 (4), 580-588.

Glass, R. (1964). Aspects of Change. London: MacGibbon and Kee.

Gold, R. L. (1997). The Ethnographic Method in Sociology. Qualitative Inquiry, 3 (4), 388-402.

Goodwin, H. (2011). Taking Responsibility for Tourism. Oxford: Goodfellows.

Goodwin, H., & Francis, J. (2003). Ethical and responsible tourism: Consumer trends in the UK. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 9(3), 271–284.

Gotham, K. (2005). Tourism gentrification: The case of New Orleans' Vieux Carre (French Quarter). Urban studies, 42 (7), 1099-1121.

Higgins-Desbiolles, F. (2010). Justifying Tourism: Justice through Tourism. In C. Stroma & M. Nigel (Eds.), Tourism and Inequality: Problems and Prospects (pp. 195-212). Wallingford: Cabi.

Hollinshead, K. (2004). Tourism and New Sense: Worldmaking and the Enunciative Value of Tourism. In C.M. Hall & H. Tucker (Eds.), Tourism and Postcolonialism: Contested Discourses, Identities and Representations (pp. 25-42). London: Routledge.

Jones, T., & Ram, M. (2007). Urban Boosterism, Tourism, and Ethnic Minority Enterprise in Birmingham. In J. Rath (Ed.), Tourism, Ethnic Diversity and the City (pp.50-66). London: Routledge.

Krippendorf, J. (1987). The holiday makers: Understanding the impact of leisure and travel. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd.

Lee, E.S. (2011). The Epistemology of the Question of Authenticity. Place of Strategic Essentialism, Hypatia, 26(2), 258-279.

Lin, J. (1998). Reconstructing Chinatown: Ethnic Enclave, Global Change. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

MacCannell, D. (2001). Remarks on the Commodification of Cultures. In V. Smith (Ed.), Hosts and Guests Revisited: Tourism Issues of the 21st Century (pp.380-390). New York: Cognizant Communication Corporation.

Meschkank, J. (2011). Investigations into slum tourism in Mumbai: poverty tourism and the tensions between different constructions of reality. GeoJournal, 76, 47-62.

Musarò, P. (2013). From Sustainable Tourism to Corporate Social Responsibility, Quaderni di Ricerca Scientifica, Napoli: Università degli Studi Suor Orsola Benincasa.

Nocifora E., (2011). La costruzione sociale della qualità territoriale. Il turismo della lentezza come conquista del turista esperto. In E. Nocifora, P. de Salvo & V. Calzati (Eds.), Territori lenti e turismo di qualità . Prospettive innovative per lo sviluppo di un turismo sostenibile (pp.19-46) Milano: Franco Angeli.

Pretty, J., & Hine, R. (1999). Participatory appraisal for community assessment, Colchester: Centre for Environment and Society, University of Essex.

Rath, J. (Ed.) (2007). Tourism, Ethnic Diversity and the City. London: Routledge.

Reid, D. G. (2003). Tourism, globalization and development: Responsible tourism planning. London: Pluto Press.

Santos, C.A., Belhassen Y., & Caton, K., (2008). Re–imagining Chinatown: An Analysis of Tourism Discourse. Tourism Management, 29, 1002–1012.

Scherle, N., & Coles, T. (2008). International business networks and intercultural communications in the production of tourism. In T. Coles & M. Hall (Eds.) International Business and Tourism: Global Issues, Contemporary Interactions (pp.124-142). London: Routledge.

Shaw, S., Bagwell, S., & Karmowska, J. (2004). Ethnoscapes as Spectacle: Reimaging Multicultural Districts as New Destinations for Leisure and Consumption. Urban Studies, 41 (10), 1983 2000.

Spivak, G. (1990). The Post-Colonial Critic: Interviews, Strategies, Dialogues. In S. Harasym (Ed.), London: Routledge.

Urbain, J-D. (2002). L’idiot du voyage : histoires de touristes. Paris: Payot & Rivages.

Urry, J. (2002). The tourist gaze. London: Sage.

Vietti, F. (2013). Migrazioni & turismo. I quartieri interculturali come destinazione turistica nelle città globali. Master dei talenti 2011/2012.

Williams, C. (2008). Ghettourism and Voyeurism, or challenging stereotypes and raising consciousness? Literary and non-literary forays into the Favelas of Rio de Janeiro. Bulletin of Latin America Research, 27, 483-500.

Wood P., Landry C. (2007). The Intercultural City: Planning for Diversity Advantage. London: Routledge.

Zukin, S. (1995). The Cultures of Cities. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.

Published
2016-12-16
Section
Themes and perspectives